Examine how India’s Long-Term Ecological Observatories (LTEO) can strengthen climate adaptation and biodiversity management across varied biomes. (Answer in 250 words)

India’s Long-Term Ecological Observatories (LTEO) under the Climate Change Action Programme create a nationwide, biome-spanning network to track how ecosystems respond to biophysical and anthropogenic drivers. Phase-I prioritises eight representative systems—from the Western and Eastern Himalaya to the Sundarbans and Andaman-Nicobar—linking field science with policy.