Explain the concept of the Human Development Index (HDI) and discuss its components. (Answer in 150 words)

The Human Development Index (HDI), introduced by the UNDP in 1990 based on Amartya Sen’s “capability approach,” measures a country’s overall development by assessing both economic and social dimensions of well-being.
HDI is a composite index ranging from 0 to 1 and is calculated using three key dimensions:

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